Year+8+Unit+6

= = == = = = Fragile World: About climate change, pollution, managing waste and energy = In this unit we are looking at the climate change, its causes and consequences and some of the things that we can do to tackle it, like managing our waste and producing energy that does not damage our fragile planet.
 * Textbook Reference: Revise KS3 Geography Study Guide: pages 125 - 128, 132 - 135. **
 * Introduction**

Extras
@http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/kids/ @http://www.climatechoices.org.uk/ @http://www.geography-site.co.uk/pages/environ/acid.html @http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks3bitesize/science/environment_earth_universe/changes_in_environment/revise6.shtml

Lesson 1: Sustainability and your ecological footprint

 * PowerPoint:[[file:Y8GeU6A Sustainable development PPwk26.ppt]]**
 * Class Notes:[[file:Y8GeU6A Sustainable development CWwk26.doc]]**
 * Homework:[[file:Y8GeU6A Sustainable development HWwk26.doc]]**
 * Extras:**
 * What does this tell YOU?**

Lesson 2:Climate change
**PowerPoint:** **Class Notes:** **Homework:** **Extras:**

Lesson 3: All about rubbish!
**PowerPoint:** **Class Notes:** **Homework:** **Extras:** =Some interesting things from @http://www.icaretrust.co.uk/waste_home.html= =Rubbish Factoids= Have you ever thought about how much rubbish you and your family throw away every week? Or why we need to stop throwing so much of it away? This page is full of amazing waste facts. For example, did you know... Recycling is thought to be an ancient practice, with cultures in pre-industrial times melting down old pots and swords to make new ones. =General Rubbish Factoids= The UK produces more than 434million tonnes of waste every year. In less than two hours, the waste we produce would fill the Albert Hall in London. Every few months it would fill Lake Windermere, the largest and deepest lake in England! On average, each person in the UK throws away their own body weight in rubbish every seven weeks, this equates to 500kg in rubbish every year. The average household in the UK produces more than a tonne of waste every year. Put together, this comes to a total of 31 million tonnes per year, equivalent to the weight of three and a half million double-decker buses, a queue of which would go around the world two and a half times. Every year we produce about 3% more waste than the year before. This might not sound much but, if we carry on at this rate, it means that we will double the amount of waste we produce every 25 years. Most of the world's waste is produced by people from the 'developed' world (which includes Britain), even though these people only make up about 5% of the world's population. =Preposterous paper= Paper and card make up about a fifth of the typical household dustbin. About half of this consists of newspapers and magazines. Two-thirds of paper is recycled, making it one of the main materials recycled in the UK. Every tonne of paper recycled saves 17 trees! Each Christmas as much as 83 square kilometres of wrapping paper ends up in UK rubbish bins, enough to cover an area larger than Guernsey, one of the Channel Islands. About one fifth of the contents of household dustbins consists of paper and card, of which half is newspapers and magazines. This is equivalent to over 4kg of waste paper per household in the UK each week. =Oversized Packaging/Persistent packaging= In 2001 UK households produced the equivalent weight of 245 jumbo jets per week in packaging waste. Every year each person produces 4 times as much packaging waste as their luggage allowance on a jumbo jet. =Bulging bottles= It is not known how long glass takes to break down, but it is so long that glass made in the Middle East over 3,000 years ago can still be found today. Milk bottles are used an average of 13 times before recycling On average, every family in the UK consumes around 330 glass bottles and jars a year. (British Glass) In 2003, the recycling of glass saved enough energy to launch ten space shuttle missions! =Bottlelicious= We produce and use twenty times more plastic today than we did 50 years ago. Every year an estimated 17.5 billion plastic bags are given away by supermarkets. This represents over 130,000 tonnes of plastic - enough to cover an area the size of London twice with a layer of bags. This is equivalent to over 290 bags for every person in the UK. 25 two litre pop bottles can be recycled into an adult-size fleece jacket. Recycling two bottles saves enough energy to boil water for five cups of tea. =Aluminium= We get through 5 billion drinks cans every year. Each one could be recycled back into a new can, saving large amounts of energy, raw materials and waste. Weight for weight, empty aluminium cans are worth 6 to 20 times more than any other used packaging material. There are more than 30 million pounds worth of empty aluminium drinks cans in the UK just waiting to be collected, cashed in and recycled. More than 27.6 million tonnes of primary aluminium are currently used in the Western World per year. Western Europe accounts for approximately one quarter of primary aluminium use. The manufacturing and converting industries in Western Europe presently use about 3.6 million tonnes of rolled products, 2.4 million tonnes of extruded products, 0.5 million tonnes of other semi-fabricated products and 0.8 million tonnes of aluminium foil per year. In addition approximately 1.9 million tonnes of casting alloys were used from mainly the secondary aluminium industry. =Canny can factoids= Novelis is the world's largest recycler of aluminium drink cans. More aluminium is produced each year than any other non-ferrous metal. Recycling 1kg of aluminium saves 6kg of bauxite, 4kg of chemicals and 14Kwh of electricity. 35% of drink cans are consumed outside the home. The energy saved by recycling 1 aluminium drink can would boil a kettle 3 times. The energy saved by recycling one aluminium drink can is enough to run a TV for 3 hours. The energy saved by recycling 4 aluminium drink cans would run a washing machine for 1 hour. Globally, Novelis recycles over 36 billion used aluminium drink cans every year – these would circle the earth more than 100 times if laid end to end. Recycling aluminium cans saves raw materials and energy and reduces pressure on landfill sites. The sides of an aluminium can are thinner than a human hair. Aluminium is one of the most important and versatile metals in use today. Aluminium is the third most abundant element in the earth's crust. It occurs in various chemical forms in rocks and soils, in vegetation, in water and in the air. Aluminium has many properties that make it useful: It is lightweight, but very strong. It does not rust or corrode. It can be easily cast and moulded, extruded and rolled. It can be painted, laminated, engraved and printed on. It is a good conductor of heat and electricity. It can be recycled again and again with no loss in quality. =EWWW Rubbishy Rubbish= UK households throw away between £250 and £400 of potentially edible food every year. It has been calculated that, before they are toilet trained, the average child goes through 3,796 nappies, most of which end up buried in landfill sites. There are now Reusable Nappies that look and do just the same job as the ones that are thrown away! Babies' nappies makes up about 2 % of the average household rubbish. This is equivalent to the weight of nearly 70,000 double decker buses every year. If lined up front to end, the buses would stretch from London to Edinburgh. =Persistent packaging= In 2001 UK households produced the equivalent weight of 245 jumbo jets per week in packaging waste. Every year each person produces 4 times as much packaging waste as their luggage allowance on a jumbo jet. =What happens to it?= In 2005/06 at least 6.8 million tonnes of household waste were recycled or composted. This amounts to 27 percent of total household waste. However, it has been estimated that up to 80% of the contents of our dustbins could be recycled or composted. Other countries recycle a lot more than we do in the UK. For example, Switzerland, the Netherlands and Germany recycle around 60% of their waste 8.7 million tonnes of household waste was recycled within the UK last year which is not a lot when you see how much we actually throw away.

Recycling example
•  Andrea Gabhart's father is a small businessman who does custom laser wood cutouts. His business produces a large amount of small scraps of leftover Baltic birch wood. Andrea, being both entrepreneurial and green-minded, saw those scraps and decided to build a business on them -- and WoodWear by Andrea was born.



**PowerPoint: ** **Class Notes:** **Homework: **
 * Lesson 4: Energy sources **

**Extras:** Some links – no really good ones tho’ __[] __ __[] __ click on the energy source and it will take you to a page which will give some info. __[] __ some of them have links on this page – not all tho’ __[] __ a good place for slide 2 __[] __ quite useful but it is American! __[] __ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-align: start; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #0000ee; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-align: start; vertical-align: baseline;">[] __ another pros and cons page

Lesson 5:Alternative energy
**PowerPoint:** **Class Notes:** **Homework: ** On the homework sheet, there are links to various pages of Sheppards software (and others) on which you can learn the locations of the countries of Europe, Africa and S America.Learn them well! **Once you know them go for the assessment on Zondle.**